Ax



Jan. 4, 1938. M, WILLIAMS 2,104,250

Filed Aug. 14, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 l I f* [n uen [or Patented Jan. 4, 1938 UNITED STATES rArENT oFFics Y- John M. Williams, Harlem,.Mo'nt.

Application August 14,

3 Claims.

This invention relates-to anovel and improved ax for general utility and hasmore specic reference to the construction of the head of the ax,-v wherein said head is provided with a detachable renewable or interchangeable cutting blade.

In reducing to practice the principlesl of the present inventive conception, I have evolved and produced a construction employing a standardized slotted head designed to accommodate detachable interchangeable cutting blades.

Briey, the preferred embodiment of the invention comprises a dove-tail joint between the head proper and the detachable blade, wherein novel clamping means is utilized to securely fasten the parts together in reliable operating positions.

Itis my primary aim to generally improve upon ax constructions by providing a structure characterized by simplicity, efficiency, durability, and

economy. Y

Other features and advantages will become more readily apparent from the following description and drawings.

In the drawings, wherein like numerals are employed to vdesignate like parts throughout the same: Y

Figure 1 is an end elevation of an ax constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a side elevational view of the same.

Figure 3 is a detail section taken approximately on the plane of the line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a fragmentary perspective view of one end portion of the especially constructed renewable or detachable cutting blade, or bit, as it is sometimes called.

Figure 5 is a section which may be said to be taken centrally on the plane of the line 5-5 of Figure 1.

Figure 6 is a detail perspective the parts.

Figure l is a fragmentary elevational end view of Figure 1 with the clamping or retaining means omitted for clearness of illustration.

The handle of the ax is denoted by the numeral 8 and the stationary part of the head is indicated as a unit by the numeral 9. The hammer end 9a of said head is of any suitable construction. The opposite end is fashioned to accommodate the novel renewable bit or blade I0. In accomplishing this result, it may be said that the casting is bifurcated and the furcations II are tapered into converging parallelism to form a keyway or accommodation channel therebetween. The lower longitudinal edges of the feaview of one of 193s, serial No. 96,0951.

members il! and I5. The member Ill constitutes, the integral. head of,v a bolt I6A andthe remaining member I5 is in effect a;washer withv ,Whchthe retaining` nutl II on the threaded endvlof thel vbolt cooperates, Each,V clamping member is .o f

block-like formand lits flush into the keeper notch and each member is also provided with substantially triangular extensions I9 fitting into correspondingly shaped notches or counternotches formed in the main keeper notches. The bolt when in place, extends through the keyway or passage shown to better advantage in Figure 7.

The body of the bit is of appropriate proportions and shape. The tenen-like key is indicated by the numeral 2| and ts into the keyway, that is, the space formed between the furcations II. As shown in Figure 4, it is dovetailed in crosssectional form so as to correspond to the space in which it is fitted. The upper end thereof is notched as at 22 to define retention extensions 23 cooperating with the adjacent correspondingly shaped pointed projections I9 on the respective clamping blocks I4 and I5. The portions 24 are undercut to dene channels for the beveled features II.

Novelty is believed to reside in an ax head having a horizontal or longitudinally elongated channel formed therein which is in effect a keyway for reception of the tenori-like retention rib or key 2l, having associated therewith the clamp-ing bolt and blocks or cleats I4 and I5.

Stated otherwise, these cooperating features may be broadly described as a head and bit.

having a coacting dovetailed joint connection. It is to be noted that the dovetailed tenori 2| is of a vertical height less than the corresponding dimension of the jaw-like furcations II so as to define between itself and the bottom of the channel a passageway 25 to accommodate the insertable and removable clamping bolt and retaining members or cleats Ill and I5 cooperable therewith. The interfitting features I9 and 23 are calculated to provide the desired security of maintenance between the parts when they are operatively clamped together. The provision of the blocklike retaining members I4 and I5 receding or telescoping into the adapter notches which serve to accommodate them provides the desired flush arrangement on the outside edge of the structure the provision of z,1o4,250--vw tion has been shown and described, it is to be understood'that minor changes coming within the eld of invention claimed may be resorted to if desired. Y

I claim:

1. In a structure of the class described, a head including a single body bifurcated at one end,

the furcations being disposed in spaced converging relation and defining an open-ended keyway of dovetail cross-sectionalform, a renewable cutting blade having a dovetail rib forming a key tting removably in said keyway, the end portions of said key and keyway being notched and said notches defining keeper recesses, the width of said rib being less than the depth of the keyway to space the inner edge of said rib from the bottom of the keyway to dene a bolt passage, an assembling and retaining bolt located in and extending through said passage, and complemental block-like retaining members carried by the end portions of the bolt, said retaining members being provided on opposed faces with extensions constituting keeper elements engageable with said keeper recesses.

2. In a structure of the class described, an ax head bifurcated at one end'to form an openended channel constituting a keyway, a renewable bit fashioned at one end with a rib constituting a key, and said key being removably fitted in said keyway, the depth of said channel being such as to space the bottom of the channel from the adjacent parallel inner surface of said rib to dene a bolt accommodation space, a bolt `located in said space between the bottom of the channel and the adjacent surface of said rib,

` and retaining cleats on opposite ends of said bolt releasably engageable with the adjacent ends of the key and keyway respectively.

3. VAs a new article of-manuiacture and as a component partof a structure of the class described, an ax head comprising a body bifurcated at one end, the furcations being disposed in spaced converging relation and dening an openended keyway of dove-tail cross-sectional form, the free longitudinal ends of said furcations being'beveled, and said furcations at opposite ends of said keyway being provided with cleat receiv* ing and accommodating notches, the innerV ends of the respective notches being counter-notched in the manner and for the purposes described.

JOHN M. WLLIAMs. 

